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The Effect of Morphology and Alkali Treatment of Bamboo on Tensile Properties of PLA/Bamboo Composites

Received: 19 August 2023     Accepted: 7 September 2023     Published: 18 September 2023
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Abstract

Food packages and kitchen utensils made of thermoplastic are very popular due to their low production costs. However, thermoplastic is easily degraded at high temperatures and has low mechanical properties. When degraded, thermoplastic produces carcinogenic monomers that can contaminate food. Thus, natural fiber-based composites are introduced. Most commercial products nowadays are made of thermosets that are difficult to degrade. In order to produce fully biodegradable composite materials, we mixed PLA (polylactic acid) pellets with bamboo. PLA is a thermoplastic polyester that is synthesized from the fermentation of plant starch. The mechanical properties of PLA/bamboo composites depend on the surface interaction between PLA and bamboo. Thus, we studied the effect of the chemical treatment of bamboo prior to composite making on the mechanical properties of PLA and bamboo. Furthermore, the morphology of bamboo was varied into powder, fiber, and strip. A four-year-old bamboo trunk was harvested and dried to minimize the moisture content. Then, it is soaked separately in cold water and 5% NaOH for 72 hours. After it is rinsed and re-dried, the fiber and powder of bamboo are extracted through mechanical treatment. The composite is made with 10% bamboo reinforcement by hot press molding technology at 220°C for 40 minutes. The tensile testing shows that only bamboo strips can improve the mechanical properties of composites. Besides, the alkali treatment was found to increase the brittleness of bamboo, causing an increase in modulus elasticity and a decrease in ductility.

Published in American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology (Volume 9, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajpst.20230903.12
Page(s) 40-44
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Biodegradable Composite, Poly Lactide-Acid (PLA), Bamboo, Morphology, Alkali Treatment

References
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    Risa Nurin Baiti, Komang Widhi Widantha, William Kristianto, I Gusti Ngurah Indra Pawitra, I Made Agus Putrawan. (2023). The Effect of Morphology and Alkali Treatment of Bamboo on Tensile Properties of PLA/Bamboo Composites. American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology, 9(3), 40-44. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20230903.12

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    ACS Style

    Risa Nurin Baiti; Komang Widhi Widantha; William Kristianto; I Gusti Ngurah Indra Pawitra; I Made Agus Putrawan. The Effect of Morphology and Alkali Treatment of Bamboo on Tensile Properties of PLA/Bamboo Composites. Am. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. 2023, 9(3), 40-44. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20230903.12

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    AMA Style

    Risa Nurin Baiti, Komang Widhi Widantha, William Kristianto, I Gusti Ngurah Indra Pawitra, I Made Agus Putrawan. The Effect of Morphology and Alkali Treatment of Bamboo on Tensile Properties of PLA/Bamboo Composites. Am J Polym Sci Technol. 2023;9(3):40-44. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20230903.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajpst.20230903.12,
      author = {Risa Nurin Baiti and Komang Widhi Widantha and William Kristianto and I Gusti Ngurah Indra Pawitra and I Made Agus Putrawan},
      title = {The Effect of Morphology and Alkali Treatment of Bamboo on Tensile Properties of PLA/Bamboo Composites},
      journal = {American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology},
      volume = {9},
      number = {3},
      pages = {40-44},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajpst.20230903.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20230903.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpst.20230903.12},
      abstract = {Food packages and kitchen utensils made of thermoplastic are very popular due to their low production costs. However, thermoplastic is easily degraded at high temperatures and has low mechanical properties. When degraded, thermoplastic produces carcinogenic monomers that can contaminate food. Thus, natural fiber-based composites are introduced. Most commercial products nowadays are made of thermosets that are difficult to degrade. In order to produce fully biodegradable composite materials, we mixed PLA (polylactic acid) pellets with bamboo. PLA is a thermoplastic polyester that is synthesized from the fermentation of plant starch. The mechanical properties of PLA/bamboo composites depend on the surface interaction between PLA and bamboo. Thus, we studied the effect of the chemical treatment of bamboo prior to composite making on the mechanical properties of PLA and bamboo. Furthermore, the morphology of bamboo was varied into powder, fiber, and strip. A four-year-old bamboo trunk was harvested and dried to minimize the moisture content. Then, it is soaked separately in cold water and 5% NaOH for 72 hours. After it is rinsed and re-dried, the fiber and powder of bamboo are extracted through mechanical treatment. The composite is made with 10% bamboo reinforcement by hot press molding technology at 220°C for 40 minutes. The tensile testing shows that only bamboo strips can improve the mechanical properties of composites. Besides, the alkali treatment was found to increase the brittleness of bamboo, causing an increase in modulus elasticity and a decrease in ductility.},
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - The Effect of Morphology and Alkali Treatment of Bamboo on Tensile Properties of PLA/Bamboo Composites
    AU  - Risa Nurin Baiti
    AU  - Komang Widhi Widantha
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    T2  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
    JF  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
    JO  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
    SP  - 40
    EP  - 44
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-5986
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20230903.12
    AB  - Food packages and kitchen utensils made of thermoplastic are very popular due to their low production costs. However, thermoplastic is easily degraded at high temperatures and has low mechanical properties. When degraded, thermoplastic produces carcinogenic monomers that can contaminate food. Thus, natural fiber-based composites are introduced. Most commercial products nowadays are made of thermosets that are difficult to degrade. In order to produce fully biodegradable composite materials, we mixed PLA (polylactic acid) pellets with bamboo. PLA is a thermoplastic polyester that is synthesized from the fermentation of plant starch. The mechanical properties of PLA/bamboo composites depend on the surface interaction between PLA and bamboo. Thus, we studied the effect of the chemical treatment of bamboo prior to composite making on the mechanical properties of PLA and bamboo. Furthermore, the morphology of bamboo was varied into powder, fiber, and strip. A four-year-old bamboo trunk was harvested and dried to minimize the moisture content. Then, it is soaked separately in cold water and 5% NaOH for 72 hours. After it is rinsed and re-dried, the fiber and powder of bamboo are extracted through mechanical treatment. The composite is made with 10% bamboo reinforcement by hot press molding technology at 220°C for 40 minutes. The tensile testing shows that only bamboo strips can improve the mechanical properties of composites. Besides, the alkali treatment was found to increase the brittleness of bamboo, causing an increase in modulus elasticity and a decrease in ductility.
    VL  - 9
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Author Information
  • Mechanicals Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Badung, Indonesia

  • Mechanicals Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Badung, Indonesia

  • Mechanicals Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Badung, Indonesia

  • Mechanicals Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Badung, Indonesia

  • Mechanicals Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Badung, Indonesia

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